From incandescent lamps to LED road traffic lamps

Silent commanders of road traffic are the city intersection traffic lights. From the old incandescent traffic lights to the current LED intelligent traffic lights that are everywhere, such a small evolution of light sources has realized a comprehensive upgrade of road traffic facilities; solved many pain points of traditional equipment such as high energy consumption, short lifespan, and poor stability; and has become an important microcosm of the modernization of municipal transportation.

Early traffic lights were completely reliant on incandescent lamps for their light source. This traditional light source is the mainstream choice for road intersections across the country due to its simple structure, low cost, and compatibility with early municipal power supply systems. But the inherent defects of the incandescent lamps were very evident. Light is produced by the heat generated by the filament, and the efficiency of the photoelectric conversion is very low, with most of the electrical energy lost as heat and thus a high energy cost. At the same time, incandescent lamp filaments are easily burned out by high temperatures, voltage fluctuations, and wind and rain vibrations, and their average lifespan is only a few thousand hours, which requires road maintenance personnel to inspect and replace them frequently, resulting in a huge workload for later maintenance.

In addition, the disadvantages of incandescent traffic lights have a serious impact on traffic safety. The conventional traffic lights have the problems of diffuse light beams and insufficient brightness, resulting in very low visibility on rainy days, foggy days, and bright days, so it is difficult to identify the status of traffic lights from a distance, which easily causes traffic violations and intersection accidents. In addition, the waterproof and anti-surge abilities of these lights are weak, so they easily cause short circuits and burnout during thunderstorms, leading to traffic paralysis at intersections and serious impact on road traffic order.

With the development of energy-saving technologies and the optoelectronic industry, LED road signal light sources are gradually replacing incandescent bulbs, and the traffic signal system has been completely changed. LEDs are cold light sources with photoelectric conversion efficiency far superior to that of incandescent bulbs, saving more than 70% of energy for the same brightness and greatly reducing the consumption of electricity in cities. The solid-state structure without a filament and vibration resistance is suitable for complex outdoor environments, with a lifespan of 5-8 years, dozens of times longer than incandescent bulbs, greatly reducing maintenance costs.

From the user experience, LED road signal lights have uniform light emission, high brightness, and strong penetration, clearly visible even in adverse weather, effectively avoiding blind spots. Meanwhile, the modern mains-powered LED road traffic lamps have a voltage stabilization and surge protection design and is stable to work with 220V mains power. They are compatible with intelligent control systems and can thus realize intelligent functions such as timing control and network linkage. From the energy-wasting old incandescent lights to the energy-saving LED intelligent traffic lights, this small change of light source makes urban traffic safer, more efficient, and lower-carbon.

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